How to Prune an Evergreen Tree
Pruning an evergreen tree involves some general principles, but specific techniques can vary depending on the type of evergreen and the desired outcome.
Understand the Tree
Identify the type of evergreen tree you have. Different species may need different pruning techniques and timing.
Timing
Evergreens are best pruned during the dormant season, late winter to early spring. However, minor shaping and maintenance pruning can be done at any time of the year.
Tools
Use sharp and clean pruning tools such as hand pruners, loppers, and pruning saws. Disinfect your tools with rubbing alcohol or a diluted bleach solution to prevent the spread of diseases between cuts.
Remove Dead or Diseased Branches
Start by inspecting the tree for any dead, damaged, or diseased branches. These should be pruned back to live wood or new buds.
Shape the Tree
Evergreens can be pruned to maintain a desired shape or size. When shaping, focus on maintaining the natural form of the tree. Avoid cutting into the older, woody parts of branches, as this can result in unsightly stubs and may lead to decay.
Consider Growth Patterns
Understand the growth habits of the specific evergreen species you’re pruning. Some evergreens, like pines, grow in whorls or clusters of branches, while others have more open growth habits. Tailor your pruning approach according to the tree variety.
How to Prune Conifers in the Winter
Step Back and Assess
Step back and assess your progress as you prune. This will help you maintain a balanced shape and prevent over-pruning.
Cleanup
Once you’ve finished pruning, remove any debris from around the tree and dispose of it. Proper cleanup helps prevent the spread of pests and diseases.
Monitor and Maintain
Keep an eye on your evergreen tree throughout the growing season to ensure it remains healthy. Minor touch-up pruning may be necessary from time to time.
Pruning promotes new and healthier growth and this can be further aided by applying fertilizer. Check out further details on the best fertilizers to use and when to apply them: FERTILIZER
Remember, if you need help with how to prune your evergreen tree, or if the tree is particularly large or difficult to reach, consider hiring a professional to do the job safely and effectively.
How to Prune a Deciduous Tree
Pruning a deciduous tree involves similar principles to pruning an evergreen tree, but there are some differences in technique and timing.
Understand the Tree
Identify the type of deciduous tree you have. Different species may have different growth habits and requirements.
Timing
Deciduous trees are typically pruned during the dormant season, which is late winter to early spring before new growth begins. Minor pruning for corrective purposes can be done at other times of the year for most deciduous varieties. Do not prune Elm varieties between April 1 and September 30 as per Alberta restrictions to combat DED.
Tools
Use sharp and clean pruning tools such as hand pruners, loppers, pruning saws, and a pole pruner for reaching higher branches. Disinfect your tools to prevent the spread of diseases.
Remove Dead, Diseased, or Damaged Branches
Start by inspecting the tree for any dead, diseased, or damaged branches. These should be pruned back to healthy tissue or the next viable bud. Cut on an angle, 2-3cm above the viable bud.
Thin Out Crowded Areas
If the tree is too dense, selectively remove some branches to allow better air circulation and light penetration. This can also help prevent disease and improve the overall health of the tree.
Identify and Remove Suckers and Water Sprouts
Suckers are shoots that grow from the base of the tree or from the roots, while water sprouts are vigorous, vertical shoots that grow from the branches. These should be pruned back to their point of origin.
Consider Growth Patterns
Understand the growth habits of the specific deciduous tree species you’re pruning. Some trees have a central leader, while others have multiple leaders. Tailor your pruning approach according to each variety.
Shape the Tree
Deciduous trees can be pruned to maintain a desired shape or size. When shaping, aim to maintain the tree’s natural form and avoid removing too much foliage at once.
Step Back and Assess
Step back and assess your progress as you prune. This will help you maintain a balanced shape and prevent over-pruning.
Cleanup
Once you’ve finished pruning, remove any debris from around the tree and dispose of it. Proper cleanup helps prevent the spread of pests and diseases.
Monitor and Maintain
Keep an eye on your deciduous tree throughout the growing season to ensure it remains healthy. Minor touch-up pruning may be necessary from time to time.
As with pruning evergreens, if you’re unsure about how to prune your deciduous tree, or if the tree is particularly large or difficult to reach, consider hiring a professional for assistance.
